Articles

Daytime running lights in the USA: what is the impact on vehicle crashes in Minnesota?

Daytime running lights (DRLs) are a safety feature intended to reduce crashes by increasing the contrast between vehicles and the background.

Authors: Michele E. Krajicek and Raquel M. Schears

Diagnosis of enteric fever in the emergency department: a retrospective study from Pakistan

Enteric fever is one of the top differential diagnoses of fever in many parts of the world. Generally, the diagnosis is suspected and treatment is initiated based on clinical and basic laboratory parameters.

Authors: Uzma Rahim Khan, Junaid A. Razzak, Ali Faisal Saleem, Adnan Ahmed and Sabeena Jalal

International Federation for Emergency Medicine model curriculum for medical student education in emergency medicine

There is a critical and growing need for emergency physicians and emergency medicine resources worldwide. To meet this need, physicians must be trained to deliver time-sensitive interventions and life-saving e...

Authors: Cherri Hobgood, Venkataraman Anantharaman, Glen Bandiera, Peter Cameron, Pinchas Halpern, C. James Holliman, Nicholas Jouriles, Darren Kilroy, Terrence Mulligan and Andrew Singer

Perceived confidence in the FAST exam before and after an educational intervention in a developing country

Trauma care in developing countries suffers from many limitations related to equipment shortages, disrepair, quality assurance, and lack of training. Health care providers in the three principal hospitals in C...

Authors: Andre K. Crouch, Matthew Dawson, Deanne Long, Derrick Allred and Troy Madsen

Medical student disaster medicine education: the development of an educational resource

Disaster medicine education is an enormous challenge, but indispensable for disaster preparedness.

Authors: Ernst G. Pfenninger, Bernd D. Domres, Wolfgang Stahl, Andreas Bauer, Christine M. Houser and Sabine Himmelseher

Improving trauma care in India: a recommendation for the implementation of ATLS training for emergency department medical officers

Trauma is major cause of morbidity and mortality in India. The Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) programme teaches a standardised method for the initial assessment and management of trauma patients, and has ...

Authors: Robert James Douglas, B. Vasanthi, Andrew J. A. Giles and G. Anand Kumar

Lessons from the recent case of CO poisoning due to shisha (hookah, narghile) tobacco smoking in Singapore

Authors: Kamal Chaouachi

Learner perception of oral and written examinations in an international medical training program

There are an increasing number of training programs in emergency medicine involving different countries or cultures. Many examination types, both oral and written, have been validated as useful assessment tool...

Authors: Sean P. Kelly, Scott G. Weiner, Philip D. Anderson, Julie Irish, Greg Ciottone, Riccardo Pini, Stefano Grifoni, Peter Rosen and Kevin M. Ban

Initial management of potential occult scaphoid fracture in Australasia

To characterise current management of adult patients with possible occult scaphoid fracture in Australasian emergency departments.

Authors: Anne-Maree Kelly

Emergency medicine in Oman: current status and future challenges

The Sultanate of Oman has a relatively young national health care system that could demonstrate its high performance at an international level. Emergency medicine as a specialty has developed rapidly in the co...

Authors: Nasser Hammad Al-Azri

Addition of levalbuterol to a pediatric emergency department automated medication management system does not increase its use

Although adding a drug to an emergency department-based automated medication management system is known to increase how frequently it is ordered, little is known about this effect when the added drug does not ...

Authors: Gregory P. Conners, Daniel P. Hays, Thomas Richardson and Frank L. Zwemer

Activated prothrombin complex concentrate factor VIII inhibitor bypassing activity (FEIBA) for the reversal of warfarin-induced coagulopathy

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a new, fixed, yet individualized dosing regimen of activated prothrombin complex concentrate factor VIII inhibitor bypassing activity (FEIBA) for ...

Authors: Cezary Wójcik, Michelle L. Schymik and Eric G. Cure

The coffee bean sign

Authors: Brian Darryl Moseley and Anjali Bhagra

Tracheal rupture after emergency endotracheal intubation

Authors: Giovanni Volpicelli, Luciano Cardinale and Francesco Ardissone

Reducing alcohol-related harm: the untapped potential of pre-hospital care workers

Authors: Marita Lynagh, Rob Sanson-Fisher and Anthony Shakeshaft

Mode of arrival does not predict myocardial infarction in patients who present to the ED with chest pain

This study aims to determine if patients who arrive by ambulance with a chief complaint of chest pain have a higher risk of myocardial infarction (MI) than those who arrive via alternate transportation.

Authors: Scott G. Weiner, John T. Wu, Preety Bhatti and Jessica D. Goetz

Right eye pain

Authors: Yu-Ming Weng, Hung-Jung Lin and Wei-Jing Lee

Is a postintubation chest radiograph necessary in the emergency department?

Postintubation chest X-rays (CXR) are standard practice in emergency department (ED) intubations. In the operating room, it is not usually a standard practice to confirm endotracheal tube placement with a CXR.

Authors: Daniel C. McGillicuddy, Matthew R. Babineau, Jonathan Fisher, Kevin Ban and Leon D. Sanchez

Lumbar punctures: use and diagnostic efficiency in emergency medical departments

Lumbar punctures (LP) are regularly and effortlessly used in the emergency medical departments (EMD). LP use and efficiency have not been fully explored in the published literature.

Authors: Bilal Majed, Hélène Zephir, Valérie Pichonnier-Cassagne, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Philippe Lestavel, Pierre Valette and Patrick Vermersch

Orbital pseudotumor

Authors: Norma L. Cooney

Emergency department over-crowding: a global perspective

Authors: Latha G. Stead, Anunaya Jain and Wyatt W. Decker

Emergency department confirmation of peripherally inserted central catheter placement by bedside ultrasound

Authors: Cindy W. Chan and Michael J. Lambert

Racial disparities in health care—emergency department management of minor head injury

International research has demonstrated disparities in the Emergency Department care of patients of certain racial or ethnic backgrounds. The management of minor head injuries requires a careful clinical asses...

Authors: Richard Brown and Jeremy Furyk

Rapid HIV testing program implementation: lessons from the emergency department

The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines and the World Health Organization (WHO) both recommend HIV testing in health-care settings. However, neither organization provides prescriptiv...

Authors: Christian Arbelaez, Brian Block, Elena Losina, Elizabeth A. Wright, William M. Reichmann, Regina Mikulinsky, Jessica D. Solomon, Matthew M. Dooley and Rochelle P. Walensky

Administration of analgesics in patients with acute abdominal pain: a survey of the practice of doctors in a developing country

Analgesic use, particularly opioids in the emergency situation in patients with acute abdominal pain, generally has been avoided in the past; however, newer evidence has shown that the practice should be encou...

Authors: Babatunde A. Ayoade, Adedayo O. Tade, Babatunde A. Salami and Olayemi Oladapo

A posterior epidural mass causing paraparesis in a 20-year-old healthy individual

We present a case of a posterior epidural abscess at the thoracic vertebral level causing paraparesia in a young, healthy individual with no otherwise predisposing factors, with normal laboratory findings, as ...

Authors: Tarkan Ergun, Hatice Lakadamyali and Ertan Gokay

Do echo-enhanced needles improve time to cannulate in a model of short-axis ultrasound-guided vascular access for a group of mostly inexperienced ultrasound users?

Vascular access is a critical skill for emergency physicians. However, it can be unpredictably challenging in some patients. While ultrasound-guided vascular access has been encouraged in emergency departments...

Authors: Michael P. Phelan, Chuck Emerman, William F. Peacock, Mathew Karafa, Nora Colburn and Kelly Buchanan

Emergency medicine in Dubai, UAE

Dubai has rapidly risen to prominence in the Persian Gulf region as a center of global commerce and tourism and as a cultural crossroad between East and West. The health-care infrastructure has undergone rapid...

Authors: Robert Partridge, Michael Abbo and Alamjit Virk

Scrofula: emergency department presentation and characteristics

In the US, scrofula is generally uncommon, but it may be the manifestation of disseminated tuberculosis in immunocompromised patients. Given the delay to obtain PPD results, AFB results, and cultures for TB, t...

Authors: Nicolas Forget and Kathryn Challoner

Intraosseous vascular access in adults using the EZ-IO in an emergency department

Intraosseous (IO) access is an alternative to conventional intravenous access.

Authors: Adeline Su-Yin Ngo, Jen Jen Oh, Yuming Chen, David Yong and Marcus Eng Hock Ong

Fournier’s gangrene

Authors: Phoebe S. Y. Cheung and Colin A. Graham

A nail gun injury

Authors: Alisha Perkins and David A. Peak

Pediatric presentation of pulmonic effusion secondary to influenza

Authors: Norma L. Cooney, Derek R. Cooney and Brian Kloss

Traumatic asphyxia: a rare syndrome in trauma patients

Authors: Cenker Eken and Ozlem Yıgıt

Lethal hemothorax following thoracic dislocated spinal fracture: the usefulness of arterial embolization

Authors: Seiji Morita, Tomoatsu Tsuji, Takeshi Yamagiwa, Tomokazu Fukushima and Sadaki Inokuchi

Overcrowding is associated with delays in percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction

Recently developed crowding measures, such as the Emergency Department (ED) Work Index (EDWIN) score, provide a quantifiable measurement of overcrowding in the ED.

Authors: Erik B. Kulstad and Ken M. Kelley

Rebuilding the health care system in Afghanistan: an overview of primary care and emergency services

Developing nations have many challenges to the growth of emergency medical systems. This development in Afghanistan is also complicated by many factors that plague post-conflict countries including an unstable...

Authors: John R. Acerra, Kara Iskyan, Zubair A. Qureshi and Rahul K. Sharma

Emergency department procedural sedation practice in Cape Town, South Africa

There are no general policies or protocols for procedural sedation in the emergency department and no literature on present practice in South Africa.

Authors: P. W. Hodkinson, M. F. M. James and L. A. Wallis

Chest pain in a 12-year-old boy: when is it a harbinger of poor outcome?

Chest pain is usually a benign presentation in children who present to emergency departments (ED) or primary care centers. Unlike adults, where chest pain is commonly due to cardiac causes, in children the cau...

Authors: Hisham Alomran, Faisal AlGhamdi and Fadiah AlKhattabi

Artificial neural network, genetic algorithm, and logistic regression applications for predicting renal colic in emergency settings

Logistic regression is the most common statistical model for processing multivariate data in the medical literature. Artificial intelligence models like an artificial neural network (ANN) and genetic algorithm...

Authors: Cenker Eken, Ugur Bilge, Mutlu Kartal and Oktay Eray

Pediatric presentation of a large intrathoracic mass

Authors: Norma L. Cooney and Derek R. Cooney

Resident productivity: trends over consecutive shifts

It has been shown that residents’ ability to see more patients and patients of higher acuity improves with level of training.

Authors: Rebecca Jeanmonod, Sara Damewood and Christopher Brook

Acute left flank pain

Authors: Beatrice Hoffmann

Post-traumatic pneumocephalus

Authors: Antonio L. Aguilar-Shea, Norberto Mañas-Gallardo and Elena Romero-Pisonero

Heart block and nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia

Authors: Christopher W. Baugh, Adam C. Levine and Daniel J. Pallin

Analysis of trends in emergency department attendances, hospital admissions and medical staffing in a Hong Kong university hospital: 5-year study

The workload of emergency departments (ED) continually changes in response to presentations, overcrowding and availability of expertise and investigations.

Authors: Abraham K. C. Wai, C. M. Chor, Allen T. C. Lee, Yuwares Sittambunka, Colin A. Graham and Timothy H. Rainer

Ovarian torsion in a prepubertal girl

Authors: Brian T. Kloss and Louise A. Prince

Listening to syncope

Authors: Guruprasad Sogunuru and Kishan Vuddanda

Portomesenteric air from acute necrotizing appendicitis

Authors: Jeffrey S. Lubin

Improved care of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in two academic emergency departments

Although several chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) practice guidelines have been published, there is sparse data on the actual emergency department (ED) management of acute exacerbation of COPD (AEC...

Authors: Chu-Lin Tsai, Adit A. Ginde, Phillip G. Blanc and Carlos A. Camargo Jr