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| |
Group I
|
Group II
|
Group III
|
p value
|
|---|
|
(n = 128)
|
(n = 82)
|
(n = 28)
| |
|---|
|
Compression ratea First loop CPR
|
109 ± 29.1
|
107 ± 20.3
|
95 ± 27.9
|
0.036
|
|
Compression ratea Second loop CPR
|
104 ± 26.9
|
106 ± 16.0
|
98 ± 24.5
|
0.365
|
|
Compression ratea Third loop CPR
|
105 ± 26.0
|
106 ± 16.9
|
101 ± 18.3
|
0.603
|
|
Compression ratea Fourth loop CPR
|
106 ± 26.3
|
107 ± 18.3
|
100 ± 21.3
|
0.310
|
|
Compression ratea Fifth loop CPR
|
97 ± 26.8
|
113 ± 22.5
|
110 ± 27.3
|
p < 0.001
|
|
Effective ventilations (%)b
|
16.4
|
56.1
|
85.7
|
p < 0.001
|
|
Compression fractionc
|
0.65 ± 0.3
|
0.69 ± 0.3
|
0.74 ± 0.1
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p < 0.001
|
|
Correct hand placement on chest (%)d
|
66.4
|
81.7
|
89.4
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p = 0.019
|
|
Correct compression depth (%)e
|
40.6
|
71.4
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82.1
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p < 0.001
|
|
Total hands-off time (s)
|
47.0 ± 15.0
|
37.0 ± 12.8
|
30.3 ± 9.2
|
p < 0.001
|
|
Time from verified cardiac arrest to start CPR (s)
|
16.0 ± 12.8
|
3.0 ± 2.7
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2.7 ± 1.2
|
p < 0.001
|
- All results are shown as mean ± SD or %, and p is calculated with one-way ANOVA for continuous data and chi-square test of independence for associations between categorical data
- CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- aChest compressions per minute
- bElevation of thorax on manikin during rescue breaths
- cTime fraction used on compressions during five loops of 30:2
- dLower third of sternum in centre of thorax
- eCompression depth 5–6 cm
